La organización del discurso: marcadores de ordenación y de reformulación

María Pilar Garcés Gómez

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La organización del discurso:

marcadores de ordenación y de reformulación

LINGÜÍSTICA IBEROAMERICANA

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María Pilar Garcés Gómez La organización del discurso: marcadores de ordenación y de reformulación

LINGÜÍSTICA IBEROAMERICANA

Vol. 35 DIRECTORES:

MARIO BARRA JOVER, UNIVERSITÉ PARIS VIII IGNACIO BOSQUE MUÑOZ, UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID ANTONIO BRIZ GÓMEZ, UNIVERSITAT DE VALÈNCIA GUIOMAR CIAPUSCIO, UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES CONCEPCIÓN COMPANY COMPANY, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO STEVEN DWORKIN, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ROLF EBERENZ, UNIVERSITÉ DE LAUSANNE MARÍA TERESA FUENTES MORÁN, UNIVERSIDAD DE SALAMANCA EBERHARD GÄRTNER, UNIVERSITÄT LEIPZIG JOHANNES K ABATEK, EBERHARD-K ARLS-UNIVERSITÄT TÜBINGEN EMMA MARTINELL GIFRE, UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA JOSÉ G. MORENO DE ALBA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO R ALPH PENNY, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON R EINHOLD WERNER, UNIVERSITÄT AUGSBURG GERD WOTJAK, UNIVERSITÄT LEIPZIG

María Pilar Garcés Gómez

La organización del discurso: marcadores de ordenación y de reformulación

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Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek 'LH'HXWVFKH1DWLRQDOELEOLRWKHNOLVWVWKLVSXEOLFDWLRQLQWKH'HXWVFKH1DWLRQDOELEOLRJUDÀH detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at .

Reservados todos los derechos © Iberoamericana, 2008 Amor de Dios, 1 — E-28014 Madrid Tel.: +34 91 429 35 22 Fax: +34 91 429 53 97 [email protected] www.ibero-americana.net © Vervuert, 2008 Elisabethenstr. 3-9 — D-60594 Frankfurt am Main Tel.: +49 69 597 46 17 Fax: +49 69 597 87 43 [email protected] www.ibero-americana.net ISBN 978-84-8489-372-1 (Iberoamericana) ISBN 978-3-86527-395-6 (Vervuert) Depósito Legal:

Cubierta: Marcelo Alfaro Impreso en España The paper on which this book is printed meets the requirements of ISO 9706

ÍNDICE

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1. El discurso y los marcadores ...............................................................................13 &DUDFWHUL]DFLyQGHORVPDUFDGRUHVGLVFXUVLYRV.................................................. 13 'HOLPLWDFLyQGHFRQFHSWRVGHQRPLQDFLyQ\GH¿QLFLyQ .................................... 14 &ODVL¿FDFLyQFDWHJRULDOGHORVPDUFDGRUHVGLVFXUVLYRV ..................................... 17 ¢1XHYDFDWHJRUtDJUDPDWLFDO"............................................................................. 1 $OFDQFHHVWUXFWXUDO\UHODFLRQHVHVWDEOHFLGDV....................................................5 6LJQL¿FDGR\VHQWLGRV .........................................................................................7 )XQFLRQHVGHORVPDUFDGRUHVGLVFXUVLYRV ........................................................... 3

. La ordenación en el discurso ...............................................................................35 &RQVLGHUDFLRQHVSUHYLDV ..................................................................................... 35 7LSRORJtDGHORVPDUFDGRUHVGHRUGHQDFLyQGHOGLVFXUVR .................................. 37 &DUDFWHUL]DFLyQJUDPDWLFDOGHORVRUGHQDGRUHVGLVFXUVLYRV..............................4 ,QYDULDELOLGDG ............................................................................................4 3RVLFLyQ ..................................................................................................... 41 &DUiFWHUSHULIpULFR ....................................................................................4 *UDPDWLFDOL]DFLyQ ..................................................................................... 43 )XQFLyQGHORVPDUFDGRUHVGHRUGHQDFLyQHQHOGLVFXUVR .................................. 45 &DUDFWHUL]DFLyQVHPiQWLFD\SUDJPiWLFD  GHORVRUGHQDGRUHVGLVFXUVLYRV ...........................................................................4 /RVPDUFDGRUHVGHLQLFLR ..........................................................................4 ,QLFLRGHVHFXHQFLDRGHGLVFXUVRVLQLQGLFDUVXFHVLyQSRVWHULRU .4 ,QLFLRGHXQDVHULHGLVFXUVLYD ......................................................5 /RVPDUFDGRUHVGHFRQWLQXDFLyQ ..............................................................54 6HULHVFRUUHODWLYDV.........................................................................54 6HULHVQRFRUUHODWLYDV ...................................................................56 /RVPDUFDGRUHVGHFLHUUH ..........................................................................6 &LHUUHGHVHFXHQFLDRGHGLVFXUVRVLQLQGLFDUVXFHVLyQDQWHULRU..6 &LHUUHGHXQDVHULHGLVFXUVLYD ...................................................... 61

3. La reformulación en el discurso ..........................................................................69 (OFRQFHSWRGHUHIRUPXODFLyQ .............................................................................69 /DVRSHUDFLRQHVGHUHIRUPXODFLyQ...................................................................... 71 (OHPHQWRVFRQVWLWXWLYRVGHODUHIRUPXODFLyQ ..................................................... 75 &DUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHORVPDUFDGRUHVGHUHIRUPXODFLyQ.......................................... 1 7LSRORJtDGHORVPDUFDGRUHVGHUHIRUPXODFLyQ ..................................................6

4. /DVRSHUDFLRQHVGHH[SOLFDFLyQ\GHUHFWL¿FDFLyQ\VXVPDUFDGRUHV .................7 5HODFLRQHVGHH[SOLFDFLyQ\VXVPDUFDGRUHV .....................................................7 4.1.1. Es decir ...................................................................................................... O sea..........................................................................................................94 4.1.3. Esto es .................................................................................................... 1 4.1.4. A saber ..................................................................................................... 3 5HODFLRQHVGHUHFWL¿FDFLyQ\VXVPDUFDGRUHV .................................................. 4 Mejor dicho ............................................................................................. 5 Más bien..................................................................................................  Mejor aún ................................................................................................ 111

5. /DVRSHUDFLRQHVGHGLVWDQFLDPLHQWR\VXVPDUFDGRUHV ..................................... 115 0DUFDGRUHVGHUHFDSLWXODFLyQ ........................................................................... 115 5.1.1. En suma ................................................................................................... 116 En síntesis................................................................................................ 11 5.1.3. En resumen .............................................................................................. 119 5.1.4. En conclusión .......................................................................................... 1 5.1.5. (Q¿Q........................................................................................................  0DUFDGRUHVGHUHFRQVLGHUDFLyQ ........................................................................ 6 (QGH¿QLWLYD............................................................................................. 6 En resumidas cuentas .............................................................................  $¿QGHFXHQWDV ....................................................................................... 9 $O¿Q\DOFDER......................................................................................... 133 $O¿Q\DODSRVWUH .................................................................................. 136 'HVSXpVGHWRGR ...................................................................................... 137 Total ........................................................................................................ 141 0DUFDGRUHVGHVHSDUDFLyQ ................................................................................ 14 5.3.1. De todos modos, de todas formas, de todas maneras ............................ 143 En cualquier caso.................................................................................... 146 5.3.3. En todo caso ........................................................................................... 149

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María Pilar Garcés Gómez

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María Pilar Garcés Gómez

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La ordenación en el discurso

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